Rein Taagepera has defined an empire as "any relatively large sovereign political entity whose components are not sovereign".
Tom Nairn and Paul James define empires as polities that "extend relations of power across territorial spaces over which they have no prior or given legal sovereignty, and where, in one or more of the domains of economics, politics, and culture, they gain some measure of extensive hegemony over those spaces for the purpose of extracting or accruing value". Doyle has defined empire as "effective control, whether formal or informal, of a subordinated society by an imperial society". 'Empire' and 'colonialism' are used to refer to relationships between a powerful state or society versus a less powerful one Michael W. Empires are typically formed from diverse ethnic, national, cultural, and religious components. It might be a state affecting imperial policies or a particular political structure. An empire is a large polity which rules over territories outside of its original borders.ĭefinitions of what physically and politically constitute an empire vary. This is in contrast to a federation, which is an extensive state voluntarily composed of autonomous states and peoples. Empires such as the Holy Roman Empire also came together by electing the emperor with votes from member realms through the Imperial election.Īn empire is an aggregate of many separate states or territories under a supreme ruler or oligarchy. the Athenian and British empires) with looser structures and more scattered territories, often consisting of many islands and other forms of possessions which required the creation and maintenance of a powerful navy. The term, on occasion, has been applied to maritime republics or thalassocracies (e.g. the Macedonian Empire and Byzantine Empire) tend to be contiguous areas. The latter method provides less tribute and indirect control, but avails military forces for further expansion. The former method provides greater tribute and direct political control, yet limits further expansion because it absorbs military forces to fixed garrisons. There are two main ways to establish and maintain an imperial political structure: (i) as a territorial empire of direct conquest and control with force or (ii) as a coercive, hegemonic empire of indirect conquest and control with power. Empire is often used as a term to describe displeasure to overpowering situations.
The concept of empire is associated with other such concepts as imperialism, colonialism, and globalization, with imperialism referring to the creation and maintenance of unequal relationships between nations and not necessarily the policy of a state headed by an emperor or empress. a transnational corporation), a political organisation controlled by a single individual (a political boss), or a group (political bosses). Aside from the more formal usage, the word empire can also refer colloquially to a large-scale business enterprise (e.g. Narrowly defined, an empire is called an empire and ruled by an emperor, (for example the Roman Empire), but not all states with aggregate territory under the rule of supreme authorities (the broad definition of an empire) are called empires or ruled by an emperor, nor have all rulers who have declared themselves to be emperors and their states empires (rulers of the Central African Empire, some Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in early England) had their claims taken seriously.Īn empire can be made solely of contiguous territories, such as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Russian Empire, or include territories which are far remote from the 'home' country of the empire, such as a colonial empire. An empire is a sovereign state made up of several territories and peoples subject to a single ruling authority, often an emperor.
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